PeterWills

is currently a Research Scholar at the Centre for the Governance of Artificial Intelligence and a DPhil Candidate in the Faculty of Law of the University of Oxford. My doctoral research focuses on the application of Anglo-Canadian tort law to consequences caused via machine learning systems, particularly generative AI.

For more, see:

Academic Publications

Care for Chatbots [SSRN preprint]

forthcoming
P Wills
I evaluate the potential for language models to create statements upon which persons will reasonably rely and the attendant potential for liability under the Hedley Byrne principle in English and Canadian law.

Libel via Language Models [SSRN preprint]

forthcoming 2025
P Wills, Osgoode Hall LJ
I evaluate the potential for language models to create defamatory statements and analyse how such statements will be treated in Canadian and English defamation law.

The Prudent Parliament and s 24(1) [SSRN preprint]

forthcoming 2024
P Wills & M.A. Rowe, Const Forum
We argue that s 24(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms permits awarding damages for legislative action, that underlying constitutional principles limit the type of damages that should be awarded, and that Supreme Court precedent to date suggests that compensatory damages should be available only if a legislature has acted negligently. We suggest the concomitant standard of care requires the legislature to obtain properly qualified legal advice.

The Wrong of Constructive Expropriation [SSRN preprint]

2024
P Wills, 61(4) Alta L Rev 807
I argue that the unique Canadian common law cause of action called “constructive expropriation” by the Supreme Court of Canada in Annapolis Group Inc v Halifax Regional Municipality, 2022 SCC 36 is, and has always been, a wrongly conceived tort. I argue that legislative intervention is required to address the matter.

Arbitration and the IRSSA

2022
P Wills, 45(3) Man LJ 86
I reconsider the legal nature of the Independent Assessment Process (IAP) of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA). I argue the IAP should have been considered an arbitration. I construct a test for identifying when a process is an “arbitration”, show this part of the IAP meets that test, and evaluate treating this process as an arbitration would have affected the process.

Imagining Resilient Courts: from COVID-19 to the Future of Canada's Court System [SSRN preprint]

2022
D Matyas, P Wills, & B Dewitt, 48(1) Can Pub Pol'y 186
We explore the Canadian court system’s response to COVID-19 and the prospects for administering justice amid disasters through the lens of resilience. We propose that the business of judging during shocks can become more integral to the business as usual of court systems.

White Papers et al

Open Problems in Technical AI Governance

2024
A Reuel, B Bucknall, S Casper, T Fist, L Soder, O Aarne, L Hammond, L Ibrahim, A Chan, P Wills, M Anderljung, B Garfinkel, L Heim, A Trask, G Mukobi, R Schaeffer, M Baker, S Hooker, I Solaiman, A S Luccioni, N Rajkumar, N Moës, J Ladish, N Guha, J Newman, Y Bengio, T South, A Pentland, S Koyejo, M J Kochenderfer, R Trager
We develop the concept of technical AI governance to refer to technical analysis and tools that support the effective governance of AI. We argue technical AI governance can help to (a) identify areas where intervention is needed, (b) identify and assess the efficacy of potential governance actions, and (c) enhance governance options by designing mechanisms for enforcement, incentivization, or compliance. We also taxonomise and catalogue open problems in the area.

IDs for AI Systems

2024
A Chan, N Kolt, P Wills, U Anwar, C Schroeder de Witt, N Rajkumar, L Hammond, D Krueger, L Heim, M Anderljung
We suggest that being able to identify AI systems (both the individual instance and types of systems) could benefit society as such systems become increasingly pervasive. We propose a framework for doing so, consider why certain actors could have incentives to create identifiers, and highlight the limitations and risks of the proposed framework.

Truthful AI: Developing and governing AI that does not lie

2021
O Evans, O Cotton-Barratt, L Finnveden, A Bales, A Balwit, P Wills, L Righetti, W Saunders
We identify the potential for AI systems to produce lies and the broader consequences of AI-generated falsehoods. We propose a standard of avoiding negligent falsehoods and propose institutions to evaluate AI systems before and after they are deployed in the real world.

Popular Media

Land value tax could make housing more affordable

2023
P Wills, The Toronto Star, Opinion
I propose the adoption of a federal land value tax in Canada.

Ensuring Canadians are helped, not harmed, by big data

2018
P Wills, The Toronto Star, Opinion
Amidst the Sidewalk Labs controversy, I suggest that people be wary of trusting that companies will not to use their data to harm them.

Credentials

  • B.A., University of Toronto
  • M. Eng., University of Toronto
  • J.D., Harvard Law School
  • LL.M., University of Cambridge
  • Judicial Law Clerk, Court of Appeal for British Columbia
  • Judicial Law Clerk, Supreme Court of Canada